A new study published in Environment International reveals that urban forests play a significant role in reducing heat-related mortality, especially in densely populated cities. The research, conducted by a team from China, the UK, and Spain, emphasizes that forests located within walkable distances from residential areas are particularly effective in mitigating the health risks associated with extreme heat.
Dr. Jinglu Song, the lead author of the study and an associate professor at Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU), explains that compared to other types of vegetation like grasslands, forests near residential areas—specifically within 1 kilometer—have a pronounced impact on reducing heat-related health risks. This finding challenges the common assumption that small greenspaces within 300 or 500 meters of homes are the most effective for improving public health.
The study suggests that urban greening strategies should prioritize tree planting and the creation of larger-scale forested areas within a broader radius around communities, rather than focusing solely on small, nearby greenspaces. The research team's approach measures greenspace coverage based on how people interact with these spaces, leading to more accurate results in determining health outcomes.
This innovative method, referred to as "distance-based greenspace exposure," shifts away from traditional metrics that look at greenspace ratios within planning units, offering a more nuanced understanding of how urban greenery influences public health.
The researchers plan to continue exploring the health benefits of urban greening, expanding their studies to diverse climates and urban environments, while investigating other health outcomes influenced by different vegetation types. The study’s findings could reshape urban planning and public health strategies, particularly in areas with limited green space, as the need to address the adverse effects of heat becomes more pressing globally.
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